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TidBITS#108/24-Feb-92
=====================
Read all about it! Virus authors caught and charged! We also have
some important details about the MBDF virus. In addition, check
out the news about an impressive new Unix-based Macintosh
emulator, a review of the DataClub virtual server software, why
you should wait to buy a LaserWriter IIf or IIg, Apple/IBM news
from France, and hopefully the last word on the new StyleWriter
driver.
Copyright 1990-1992 Adam & Tonya Engst. Non-profit, non-commercial
publications may reprint articles if full credit is given. Other
publications please contact us. We do not guarantee the accuracy
of articles. Publication, product, and company names may be
registered trademarks of their companies. Disk subscriptions and
back issues are available.
For more information send electronic mail to info@tidbits.uucp or
Internet: ace@tidbits.uucp -- CIS: 72511,306 -- AOL: Adam Engst
TidBITS -- 9301 Avondale Rd. NE Q1096 -- Redmond, WA 98052 USA
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Topics:
MailBITS/24-Feb-92
Elephantine IIf & IIg
MBDF Virus
Taligent Up & Running
Quorum
StyleWriter Driver Info
DataClub Review
Apple/IBM: French happenings
Reviews/24-Feb-92
[Archived as /info-mac/digest/tb/tidbits-108.etx; 29K]
MailBITS/24-Feb-92
------------------
Thanks to all of you who have returned the survey to us. I'm sure
results will continue to flow in, so send yours in if you want to
be in the running for a button. Some people have expressed
confusion about some of the numbers asked for in the survey -
don't worry about these too much, estimates are fine if you don't
know the specific answer. If you've already discarded that issue,
I've posted the text of the survey form on the fileserver, so you
can easily request it, fill it out, and return it. Just send email
to <fileserver@tidbits.halcyon.com> with the single word "survey"
(no quotes) in the Subject: line. Thanks!
Errors of the week
I originally had a funny mailer message slated for this spot, and
I will include that below for a little relief from the real error
of the week, which was the SFU mailing list. It has had problems
on and off for a while now, but this week the underlying mailer
software kept crashing and every time it crashed, it sent another
copy of whatever it had to everyone on the list. My sincere
apologies for this, and I would recommend switching to the TIDBITS
LISTSERV at Rice if you are terribly frustrated with SFU. To do
that, send email to LISTSERV@RICEVM1.RICE.EDU including this line
in the _body_ of the mail:
SUBSCRIBE TIDBITS your full name
I made a mistake last week in saying that the name should be in
parentheses - if you do that, the LISTSERV will think they belong
in your name. You can also have more than two words in your name,
but must have at least two. If you wish to delete those
parentheses or change your name on the LISTSERV, just send in
another SUBSCRIBE mailfile with your name sans parentheses.
If you do subscribe to the LISTSERV, please remove yourself from
the SFU list (you may have to wait a day or two until the site
comes back up - it's been shut down temporarily) by sending email
to tidbits-subscription@sfu.ca with the single word "remove" (in
lower case and without the quotes) in the Subject: line. Thanks!
Funny error
I occasionally receive messages from mailers when requests to the
fileserver bounce, and this one takes the cake. This is the sort
of thing that artificial intelligence researchers should watch out
for from the very beginning - a little introspection is a good
thing. :-)
<<< 553 poly.polytechnique.fr I refuse to talk to myself
SuperClock! error
Steve Christensen, the author of SuperClock!, writes in regard to
Mark H. Anbinder's article "Quadra Vampires", "Well, that's news
to me. SuperClock! was written completely in assembly language, so
there aren't any compiler-oriented issues to deal with. SuperClock!
also doesn't do any cache-oriented operations directly - I make no
hardware assumptions of that type since I want to be able to run on
68000s as well as 68040s. It's possible that some of the system
code I call may flush the cache as part of its operation, though.
I work with the software guys that did the ROMs for both Quadras,
both use SuperClock! on their Quadras, and I haven't heard any
complaints."
[Adam: Our apologies, Steve. Mark said that the information came
from someone within Apple, so it's more curious that you weren't
contacted first. Though SuperClock! is off the hook as a Quadra
vampire, I would warn people to generally be aware of older
programs that might exhibit this behavior. We don't know of any
specifically, but older compilers had no way of knowing about the
Quadras and certain out-of-date code may run slowly on them.]
Information from:
Steve Christensen -- stevec@apple.com
Mark H. Anbinder -- mha@baka.ithaca.ny.us
Elephantine IIf & IIg
---------------------
We've heard a rumor from the illustrious Pythaeus that the
LaserWriter IIf and IIg will soon ship with more memory, standard.
My spec sheets claim that the IIf ships with 2 MB and the IIg with
5 MB, but there have been rumblings from early purchasers that 2
MB in particular is just not enough, especially when printing
legal size pages or pages with complicated graphics. Apparently,
the low-memory symptom will often appear as a PostScript error,
which might also imply something wrong with the document or
printer driver, thus making the issue even harder to diagnose.
We have no word on whether or not existing printers will be
retrofitted with extra memory in the US, and there is conflicting
evidence. When the IIsi went to 3 MB standard, 2 MB machines were
not upgraded. However, in the UK there is currently a free upgrade
program that will take a IIf to 4 MB and a IIg to 8 MB. The
upgrade is not advertised, but dealers should have known about it
since a service note dated the 10th of February explained the
situation. Again, this upgrade is only in the UK.
In other non-US news, we've heard that Apple Canada is running a
special deal through March 31st in which you can get a PowerBook
100 bundled with Salient's AutoDoubler for a mere $1799 list. I
have absolutely no idea how expensive the PowerBook 100 normally
is in Canada, and AutoDoubler certainly isn't that expensive ($45
mail order), but it seemed worth mentioning for our Canadian
readers.
Oh, if anyone wishes to contribute information or rumors
anonymously (and I always honor such requests in mail I personally
get), send it to pythaeus@tidbits.uucp and Pythaeus will check it
out for inclusion in an issue.
Information from:
Pythaeus -- pythaeus@tidbits.uucp
MBDF Virus
----------
Just after I wrote last week that the Mac world hasn't seen a
virus in some time, one has to pop up. The latest and slimiest
entry into the virus hall of infamy (I know some people who are in
a kneecap-breaking mood over this one) is called MBDF after the
resource that it uses to infect System files and applications.
MBDF resources are normally present in some files, so do not be
alarmed if you see them while poking around with ResEdit.
The MBDF virus was discovered in Wales. Early detection was made
possible by the foresight of Claris programmers who included
integrity checking code in their applications, something which
other application programmers would do well to add. As a
suggestion, perhaps someone (at Claris perhaps?) could release
some integrity checking code into the public domain so that it
would be easy for all programmers to add such capabilities to
their applications.
Several popular Internet archive sites contained some infected
games for a short period of time, so a number of people around the
world were affected. The games were named "10 Tile Puzzle" and
"Obnoxious Tetris." In addition to these two games, a third game
named "Tetricycle" or "tetris-rotating" was a Trojan horse which
installed the virus. If you have any of these programs sitting
around, do everyone a favor and delete them. It's all too easy to
release these viruses again.
I don't think that MBDF was as widespread as some of the earlier
viruses, such as nVIR, but there is a possibility that your Mac
has been infected by a completely different program so it is worth
checking your Mac with the latest virus checking software. We
recommend Disinfectant 2.6 because it is free and easy to use, but
new versions of Virus Detective (5.0.1), Gatekeeper (1.2.4), or
any of the updated commercial programs should also do the trick.
Disinfectant identifies both infected files and the Trojan horse
as being infected by the MBDF virus and can repair any infected
files, which removes the virus and returns the file to its
original clean state. Repairing the Trojan horse renders it
ineffective and inoperable. Shucks.
The MBDF virus is not malicious, but it can cause damage in
certain instances. In particular, the virus takes quite a long
time to infect the System file when it first attacks a system. The
delay is so long that people often think that their Mac is hung,
so they do a restart. Restarting the Mac while the virus is in the
process of writing the System file very often results in a damaged
System file which cannot be repaired. The only solution in this
situation is to reinstall a new System file from scratch. There
have also been reports of directory damage which may or may not be
related to the restart process.
Special thanks to John Norstad, as usual, for his excellent and
timely response to the new virus, and to the folks at Claris for
providing the defensive code that helped find this virus early on
before it had a chance to spread its evil tentacles even further.
Ooo, there's not much like a virus for evoking some good imagery.
Now that you've read the technical details, here's the human
interest side. We just heard that two arrests have been made at
Cornell University in Ithaca, New York. The virus had been traced
to Cornell fairly quickly, and an internal investigation led to
the arrests of two sophomores, David Blumenthal and Mark Pilgrim.
The two suspects have been charged with second degree computer
tampering and are spending the night in Tompkins County jail.
Further charges are pending based on the distribution of the files
to sumex-aim.stanford.edu and to its mirror sites around the
world, specifically Japan. The legal system will decide whether or
not these two are guilty of the charges and what the punishment
will be, but if I were them, I'd be watching my kneecaps.
Information from:
John Norstad -- j-norstad@nwu.edu
Chris Johnson -- chrisj@emx.utexas.edu
Jeff Shulman -- jshulman@baks.bell-atl.com
Mark H. Anbinder -- mha@memory.ithaca.ny.us
and many others around the world who helped nail
this virus to the wall.
Taligent Up & Running
---------------------
Apple and IBM announced today the appointment of the senior
officers and board of directors for Taligent, the joint operating
system company the two formed last October. Joseph M. Guglielmi of
IBM was named CEO, and Edward W. Birss of Apple was named COO of
the independent company. Finally.
Why is this interesting? Well, it's not really. What is
interesting about the announcement is that it shows that Apple and
IBM are truly serious about this alliance and have passed all the
major hurdles, the first of which was getting FTC approval.
Taligent has over 160 employees already, and will be working in
space leased from Apple until more permanent offices can be
obtained. Similar and equally ambitious mergers have fallen by the
wayside when two large and opinionated companies tried to work
together, and the odds were good that this alliance would go that
way too. Apple and IBM have risen above the infighting to set
Taligent up, and now it's up to the programmers to produce the
next generation of operating systems. Full speed ahead!
Information from:
Mark H. Anbinder -- mha@baka.ithaca.ny.us
Quorum
------
Latest in the line of Macintosh emulators to be announced (but how
many of those have actually shipped - two?) come two programs from
a small developer called Quorum. First, and most interesting is
Latitude, a set of libraries that can be used to compile ANSI
standard C code into a binary application that will run on several
different RISC-based Unix workstations, including machines from
Sun, IBM and Silicon Graphics. This method of porting the code
directly (more or less, anyway, depending on how the code has been
customized) from the Mac to the Unix environment has a number of
positive features. Since Latitude replaces the Macintosh interface
specifics with whatever windowing system is in use on the Unix box
- Open Look, Motif, etc. - you don't need Apple's proprietary
System and Finder. That has been a big barrier for many of the
other emulators, because to create a true Macintosh clone, you
have to have the real System and Finder. Latitude uses the
operating system and windowing environment of the RISC machine, so
that's no problem. In addition, since Latitude creates a native
binary application on the Unix box, that application will run at
speeds you would expect out of a RISC machine - fast, to
understate the situation. Finally, since Quorum based the display
parts of Latitude on Adobe's Display PostScript, there is no
conflict Apple's patented QuickDraw software (which is why most
other emulators have required that you find some Mac ROMs to pop
in).
Equal is the second product from Quorum, and unlike Latitude, it
does not require that Macintosh applications be recompiled to run.
It will run standard applications by rerouting the Mac Toolbox
calls to the equivalent in the RISC machine's OS and windowing
system. Of course, the price for not having to recompile the
application is speed, since Equal has to intercept almost
everything a normal application does and translate it into the
appropriate calls for the host machine. Nonetheless, remember that
a typical RISC machine will still stomp on a normal Mac in
performance, so the end result may still be decent. We've heard a
couple of off-the-cuff comparisons, one comparing Equal to a Plus,
the other to a IIci. I'd like the IIci personally. No idea what
pricing will be on these programs yet, but people have been
tossing around $1000 as a price for Equal, a typical price for
Unix applications.
Of course, lots of Mac software will not work with these products
because it simply won't make sense. For instance, if you have no
System and Finder, extensions that modify them in some way won't
work. Similarly, any program that touches hardware directly won't
work because that hardware can't be there in the same way.
Nonetheless, Latitude and Equal seem like the strongest entries in
the Mac emulation market (such as it is) so far. One plus of
Latitude particularly is that it will allow third party developers
like Aldus, Quark, Adobe, and Microsoft (nah, probably not
Microsoft - they don't use standard programming practices anyway
as far as anyone can tell) to recompile their flagship products
for Unix, thus allowing them to quickly broaden their markets
without the trouble of rewriting the entire program and
maintaining two completely different sets of source code. Only
really Lotus, WordPerfect, Frame and perhaps a few others have
managed to provide much in the way of multiple platform versions
in the past, but that might change with Latitude.
I'm sure that Apple is not terribly happy about this state of
affairs, but from what I've heard, Quorum is on fairly stable
legal ground (considering they're in California, it's nice to have
some sort of stable ground). Even still, Apple has a lot of money
and a lot of clout and might even buy Quorum outright if they so
choose. That's assuming that Quorum is selling, but everyone has a
price. Time will tell, and we'll keep you posted.
Quorum -- 415/323-3111
Information from:
Don Sleeter -- 71101.2130@compuserve.com
Related articles:
MacWEEK -- 20-Jan-92, Vol. 6, #3, pg. 1
PC WEEK -- 03-Feb-92, Vol. 9, #5, pg. 47
StyleWriter Driver Info
-----------------------
There has been some incorrect information flying around, and I may
have even aided it in a posting I made to the Info-Mac digest, so
let me see if I can explain what is really happening with the new
StyleWriter driver, 7.2.2. People have been having some problems
with the new driver, and although it's certainly possible that
those problems are related to bugs in the driver or conflicts with
existing software, other problems may be due to the fact that
using version 7.2.2 of the driver can be a bit confusing if you
are using system 6.0.7 or 6.0.8.
If you use System 7, you shouldn't have any problems. If you use
6.0.7 then you must upgrade Print Monitor and Backgrounder to
their System 7 versions. If you use System 6.0.8, you should
already have these files installed. The System 7 versions can be
found on a set of 6.0.8 System disks or on the System 7 Printing
Tools disk. StyleWriter driver version 7.2.2 also works with the
versions of Print Monitor and Backgrounder that recently shipped
with StyleWriter driver version 7.2.
Since version 7.2.2 of the StyleWriter driver makes the
StyleWriter print faster than the previous version of the driver,
try using it if you can. Those of you on the Internet can get the
driver via anonymous FTP on ftp.apple.com as:
dts/mac/sys.soft/imaging/stylewriter-7-2-2.hqx
It is also available on the System 7 Tune-Up disk, but I gather
that the Tune-Up installer will refuse to work on a System 6 disk
(not too surprising, consider that it is a tune-up for System 7).
However, if you can get your hands on that disk, all you have to
do is look in the Tuner Parts folder and snag the StyleWriter
driver from there.
Information from:
Murph Sewall -- SEWALL@UCONNVM.UCONN.EDU
DataClub Review
---------------
DataClub is one of those programs that people thought would die a
horrible death when System 7's FileSharing appeared. From what I
gather from talking to the folks at International Business
Software and from using it on our Macs here, DataClub is still
doing well, and for good reason.
Before System 7 came out, people usually used TOPS to share files
among several Macs. AppleShare was too pricey and required a
dedicated Mac, and some of the shareware and freeware applications
didn't have quite enough in the way of a feature set. Then came
DataClub, which has a completely different way of looking at the
concept of file sharing, one which just might finish TOPS as a
peer-to-peer networking program (although Sitka is currently
pushing the inter-platform connectivity TOPS offers to Macs, PCs,
Sun workstations, and soon, pen-based palmtops).
Most file sharing programs try to replicate the original disk or
folder on the secondary machine, which is a fine way of doing it
in most cases. However, this gets confusing when you have ten or
twelve folders mounted as volumes via TOPS. If nothing else, on a
compact Mac screen, it can be hard to find the right one. In
contrast, DataClub takes all the space you allot to it and creates
a single virtual volume. On our network, Tonya's Classic had about
4 MB free and my SE/30 had about 7 MB free, so the DataClub volume
appears to have about 11 MB free. As you add more Macs to the
virtual volume, the virtual volume size increases, so a normal
five or six Mac network could easily appear to have a DataClub
volume of several hundred megabytes.
There are a couple of advantages to this system. First of all, it
is less confusing. There is only one network volume, not ten or
twelve, and everyone has the same one, although users and groups
can be set up with AppleShare-like access privileges so there's no
need to worry about security. Second, because everyone with a hard
disk contributes space, everyone can opt to create new folders on
his or her Mac's hard disk, thus making those folders available to
everyone else while retaining the speed of having files available
on the local hard disk. Of course, using a file over the network
is not nearly as fast.
As a rough estimate, I'd say that DataClub is a little faster than
TOPS and about the speed of a dedicated AppleShare server.
Actually, I'm talking about DataClub Classic, which is the version
used only in peer-to-peer networks. If you can spare a dedicated
server, DataClub Elite will provide even better performance on
that dedicated Mac. In addition, the manual, which is clear and
generally helpful (though I do admit that I didn't look at it
until I wrote this review) suggests that you avoid putting
applications in the DataClub volume if possible since running an
application over a common LocalTalk network is slow and
frustrating. For Macs without hard drives (or PCs for that matter)
the AppleShare client software that ships with the computer will
allow any floppy-only Mac to act as a client and mount the
DataClub volume over the network - a good way to squeeze a few
more months from those aging Pluses.
Back to the advantages of the virtual server system. Third,
because no single Mac has to provide all the disk space for the
network, any one of the Macs can be shut down or even removed from
the network without causing a major hubbub (assuming no one is
using the files on that Mac's hard disk at the time). Files in
DataClub that are on a disconnected Mac's hard disk merely look
greyed out; similarly, when a Mac is away from the network, all
the other files are greyed out and only local DataClub files can
be accessed.
This may sound like DataClub sits in the background making sure
that files are where it wants them to be. That's true to an
extent, but you have a fair amount of control over where you put
files, and the administrator can also move folders around to more
evenly distribute the load. Oh, didn't I mention the administrator
before? You don't actually need one unless you are planning a
relatively complex DataClub network with users and groups or want
to get load statistics, etc. If you just want to share files, you
can simply run the installer, restart, and be on your way. IBS has
even sold various cheap DataClub packages in the past without the
administrator software, in part to make DataClub available at a
reduced price, and in part because you don't need it in every
case.
There are some limitations to DataClub. It does conflict with some
other extensions, but IBS lists known conflicts in the release
notes. You can't move an item from the DataClub volume on to the
desktop, but if you try, DataClub will helpfully tell you that it
can't do that and ask if you want to copy the item to the startup
disk's desktop. Even under System 7, you can't leave files and
folders in the Trash; DataClub will tell you that it has to delete
them immediately and ask for confirmation. I assume that these
last two limitations have to do with not implementing the System 7
invisible folders in some way, but it's not really a big deal, and
it might be a common problem with networking software. You might
also cause some confusion if one person tried to delete a file
while another person tried to copy it, or something like that, but
I wasn't able to seriously confuse DataClub in my tests. You do
need 2.5 MB of RAM and 2 MB of disk space to run DataClub, and 2.5
MB of RAM with DataClub and System 7 will leave little for the
application you want to run. But you knew you were going to need
more memory anyway, and it's cheap these days. One final caveat:
you have to be a bit careful with your disk space because if you
have 5 MB free on your hard disk and your DataClub volume claims
it has 6 MB free, only 1 MB of that 6 MB is coming from another
machine. The other 5 MB is the same 5 MB your hard disk has free.
So it might seem as though you had 11 MB available, when in
reality, you only have 6 MB.
All this said, who should buy DataClub? As clever and useful as it
is, it can't come close to System 7's FileSharing in cost, and in
the case of very small networks, like our two-Mac network,
DataClub is overkill. It's simply easier to turn FileSharing on
and off when we need it and not worry about it most of the time.
However, I see the ideal DataClub network as one made up of five
to ten Macs in a small office situation. In that situation,
DataClub provides storage to everyone on the network and does so
in such a way that everyone can easily access public files.
There's no hassling with multiple network volumes or asking if
so-and-so has turned on FileSharing, both problems likely to occur
otherwise. Larger networks will probably need the added speed of
DataClub Elite, in which each of the user machines can still
contribute disk space to the virtual volume, or even AppleShare
3.0, but I'm not going to make any sweeping statements about large
networks, since I'm no expert. Suffice it to say that for a small
office networks, DataClub will provide an admirable file sharing
service. Oh, a 3-pack of DataClub Classic will run about $265 mail
order, but keep an eye out for one of those great deals IBS
occasionally has.
International Business Software -- 408/522-8000
IBSUS@applelink.apple.com
70523.266@compuserve.com
Apple/IBM: French happenings
----------------------------
by Jean-Philippe Nicaise -- nicky@etca.fr
On January 28th, the French government chose IBM to be the
technological partner of Bull, the state-owned mini, workstation,
and microcomputer builder. IBM and HP were competing for a few
months to provide Bull with RISC technology that Bull had failed
to develop internally. This is interesting because IBM will
undoubtedly provide their RS/6000 architecture, the same chips
that are destined for the PowerPCs that will eventually be a major
hardware platform for the Pink OS coming from Taligent. Since
Apple is the pre-eminent microcomputer company in France (and
Apple France is the second largest market for Apple after the US),
it's nice to see that the Bull RISC machines, which mainly end up
in the government and schools, will be ready for Pink when (and
if, of course) it arrives in 1993/4/5/6.
Apple has been doing well in France directly too. The same day,
the French government also announced the creation of a workgroup
to do a study on future popular multimedia terminals.
Organizations involved in the workgroup will include Apple,
Thomson Consumer Electronics (TCE), CNET (national PTT research
center), France Telecom (national PTT), and possibly Kaleida.
Apple is interested for obvious reasons given their recent
announcement about entering the consumer electronics industry.
CNET and France Telecom have ten years of experience in popular
terminals (the Minitel) and 150,000 B-channel ISDN lines have
already been installed in France, running a wide range of
character-based applications. [Adam: Go ahead, make us ISDN-less
folks in the US jealous!] TCE has developed the D2-MAC high
quality TV standard in the past years and has a lot of experience
in TV technology.
Reviews/24-Feb-92
-----------------
* MacWEEK
In Control -- pg. 51
Cricket Draw -- pg. 51
Data Pivot -- pg. 52
Classic Performer -- pg. 53
Gallery Effects -- pg. 53
Workspace -- pg. 55
* Macworld
Color Printers -- pg. 136
(too many to list)
Project Management Packages -- pg. 146
(too many to list)
Lotus 1-2-3 for Macintosh -- pg. 174
Microsoft Word 5.0 -- pg. 175
Voice Express -- pg. 178
Voice Navigator II -- pg. 178
Connections 1.0 -- pg. 178
PowerTrax 1.1 -- pg. 178
MacInTax 1991 -- pg. 182
HyperTax Tutor -- pg. 182
Aldus Gallery Effects 1.0, Volume 1: Classic Art -- pg. 185
HAM 1.0 -- pg. 185
PEMD DiscoVery 1.3.1 -- pg. 187
DiskFit Pro 1.0 -- pg. 187
Carbon Copy Mac 2.0 -- pg. 189
Mirror 600 Color Scanner -- pg. 189
MacGlobe 1.0 -- pg. 199
World Atlas 1.2 -- pg. 199
RasterOps Expresso Personal Slide Scanner -- pg. 199
First Things First 2.0 -- pg. 200
SimAnt 1.0 -- pg. 200
FastBack Plus 2.6 -- pg. 202
Color It 1.0 -- pg. 202
DayMaker 1.01 -- pg. 204
QuickTel Xeba 9600 -- pg. 204
TeMath -- pg. 206
The Desktop Lawyer 3.0 -- pg. 206
Legal LetterWorks -- pg. 206
Crash Barrier 1.0.1 -- pg. 208
QuadFlextra -- pg. 208
References:
MacWEEK -- 17-Feb-92, Vol. 6, #7
Macworld -- Apr-92
..
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